Vocabulary
Work out vocabulary from context
Use nearby definitions, examples, contrasts and word families before reaching for a dictionary.
Read around the word
The sentence before or after an unfamiliar word may explain it, show an example or describe the result.
Use grammar position
Ask whether the word names a person or thing, describes it or shows an action. That removes meanings that do not fit the sentence.
01PURPOSE02CLUE03EVIDENCE04ANSWER
Look for familiar parts
Prefixes, endings and related words can provide a clue, but confirm the meaning against the whole text.
Replace and reread
Put your possible meaning into the sentence. It should preserve both grammar and the message of the paragraph.