Foundation · Grammar and rules
Separate grammar from language conventions
Organise sentence structure, spelling, standard language and transcription by evidence.
Grammar follows sentence relations
Check agreement, ambiguity, voice, honorifics and tense across the full sentence.
Spelling preserves morphology
Analyse stems, endings, affixes and compounds instead of relying on sound.
90 items · 130 min80 multiple-choice + 10 written200 total · levels at 121+
Separate rule families
Do not mix standard pronunciation, loanword transcription and romanisation.
Explain the error
Record why each rejected form violates the relevant rule.